A federal judge in the Southern District of Florida has blocked a proposed settlement in President Donald Trump’s lawsuit against the IRS and the Treasury Department, finding the case was pursued for an “improper purpose” and referring the lawyers involved for possible disciplinary review.

A federal judge in Miami has thrown out a purported settlement between President Donald Trump and the IRS, finding that the underlying lawsuit was brought in bad faith and that the agreement cannot be relied on in future proceedings. In the same order, U.S. District Judge Kathleen Williams reportedly referred the lawyers involved to disciplinary authorities—an unusually sharp response that raises the stakes well beyond the immediate dispute.

The ruling is notable for two reasons.

A federal judge in Washington has delivered an unusually sharp rebuke in litigation tied to President Donald Trump, ruling that a $10 billion lawsuit against the Internal Revenue Service was brought for an improper purpose and appeared aimed at giving legal cover to a settlement that would grant special benefits to Trump-affiliated parties.

The ruling goes beyond dismissal or adverse merits findings.

A federal judge in the Southern District of Florida has ordered additional scrutiny of the settlement resolving Donald Trump’s $10 billion lawsuit against the IRS and the Justice Department, an unusual step that puts the mechanics of government dealmaking under a brighter spotlight.

U.S. District Judge Kathleen Williams’ order follows objections from retired judges who challenged the arrangement and argued that the settlement may raise concerns about collusion, abuse of process, or other irregularities.

More than 30 former federal judges have asked a federal judge in Florida to examine whether the administration’s reported $1.8 billion settlement resolving President Trump’s lawsuit against the IRS may constitute a “fraud on the court,” escalating what had appeared to be a closed dispute into a potentially significant fight over judicial integrity and executive-branch litigation conduct.

The filing is notable not because it decides anything on the merits, but because of who is making the request and what doctrine they are invoking.

A federal judge has closed President Donald Trump’s lawsuit against the IRS and Treasury, but not without raising pointed questions about how the case ended and whether it ever presented a conventional adversarial dispute.